Acute and Critical Care

Erratum

Cardiology
Application of sepsis-3 criteria to Korean patients with critical illnesses: Jae Yeol Kim, Hwan Il Kim, Gee Young Suh, Sang Won Yoon, Tae-Yop Kim, Sang Haak Lee, Jae Young Moon, Jae-Young Kwon, Sungwon Na, Ho Geol Ryu, Jisook Park, Younsuck Koh; Acute Crit Care. 2019;34(2):172-172. Published online April 2, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/acc.2018.00318.e1; Corrects: Acute Crit Care 2019;34(1):30

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Original Articles

Infection
Application of Sepsis-3 Criteria to Korean Patients with Critical Illnesses: Jae Yeol Kim, Hwan Il Kim, Gee Young Suh, Sang Won Yoon, Tae-Yop Kim, Sang Haak Lee, Jae Young Moon, Jae-Young Kwon, Sungwon Na, Ho Geol Ryu, Jisook Park, Younsuck Koh; Acute Crit Care. 2019;34(1):30-37. Published online January 29, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/acc.2018.00318; Correction in: Acute Crit Care 2019;34(2):172

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Background
The 2016 Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM)/European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) task force for Sepsis-3 devised new definitions for sepsis, sepsis with organ dysfunction and septic shock. Although Sepsis-3 was data-driven, evidence-based approach, East Asian descents comprised minor portions of the project population. Methods: We selected Korean participants from the fever and antipyretics in critically ill patients evaluation (FACE) study, a joint study between Korea and Japan. We calculated the concordance rates for sepsis diagnosis between Sepsis-2 and Sepsis-3 criteria and evaluated mortality rates of sepsis, sepsis with organ dysfunction, and septic shock by Sepsis-3 criteria using the selected data. Results: Korean participants of the FACE study were 913 (383 with sepsis and 530 without sepsis by Sepsis-2 criteria). The concordance rate for sepsis diagnosis between Sepsis-2 and Sepsis-3 criteria was 55.4%. The intensive care unit (ICU) and 28-day mortality rates of sepsis, sepsis with organ dysfunction, and septic shock patients according to Sepsis-3 criteria were 26.2% and 31.0%, 27.5% and 32.5%, and 40.8% and 43.4%, respectively. The quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) was inferior not only to SOFA but also to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) for predicting ICU and 28-day mortality. Conclusions: The concordance rates for sepsis diagnosis between Sepsis-2 and Sepsis-3 criteria were low. Mortality rate for septic shock in Koreans was consistent with estimates made by the 2016 SCCM/ESICM task force. SOFA and SIRS were better than qSOFA for predicting ICU and 28-day mortality in Korean ICU patients.

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HYPOTENSION AT THE TIME OF SEPSIS RECOGNITION IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED MORTALITY IN SEPSIS PATIENTS WITH NORMAL LACTATE LEVELS
Ji Hwan Kim, Yong Kyun Kim, Dong Kyu Oh, Kyeongman Jeon, Ryoung-Eun Ko, Gee Young Suh, Sung Yun Lim, Yeon Joo Lee, Young-Jae Cho, Mi-Hyeon Park, Sang-Bum Hong, Chae-Man Lim, Sunghoon Park
Shock.2023; 59(3): 360. CrossRef
The Surviving Sepsis Campaign: research priorities for the administration, epidemiology, scoring and identification of sepsis
Mark E. Nunnally, Ricard Ferrer, Greg S. Martin, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Flavia R. Machado, Daniel De Backer, Craig M. Coopersmith, Clifford S. Deutschman, Massimo Antonelli, Judith Hellman, Sameer Jog, Jozef Kesecioglu, Ishaq Lat, Mitchell M. Levy
Intensive Care Medicine Experimental.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

Hematology
Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of Critically Ill Cancer Patients Admitted to Korean Intensive Care Units: Soo Jin Na, Tae Sun Ha, Younsuck Koh, Gee Young Suh, Shin Ok Koh, Chae-Man Lim, Won-Il Choi, Young-Joo Lee, Seok Chan Kim, Gyu Rak Chon, Je Hyeong Kim, Jae Yeol Kim, Jaemin Lim, Sunghoon Park, Ho Cheol Kim, Jin Hwa Lee, Ji Hyun Lee, Jisook Park, Juhee Cho, Kyeongman Jeon; Acute Crit Care. 2018;33(3):121-129. Published online August 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/acc.2018.00143

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Abstract PDF

Background
The objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics and clinical outcomes of critically ill cancer patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) in Korea.
Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study that analyzed prospective collected data from the Validation of Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3 (SAPS3) in Korean ICU (VSKI) study, which is a nationwide, multicenter, and prospective study that considered 5,063 patients from 22 ICUs in Korea over a period of 7 months. Among them, patients older than 18 years of age who were diagnosed with solid or hematologic malignancies prior to admission to the ICU were included in the present study.
Results
During the study period, a total of 1,762 cancer patients were admitted to the ICUs and 833 of them were deemed eligible for analysis. Six hundred fifty-eight (79%) had solid tumors and 175 (21%) had hematologic malignancies, respectively. Respiratory problems (30.1%) was the most common reason leading to ICU admission. Patients with hematologic malignancies had higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (12 vs. 8, P<0.001) and SAPS3 (71 vs. 69, P<0.001) values and were more likely to be associated with chemotherapy, steroid therapy, and immunocompromised status versus patients with solid tumors. The use of inotropes/ vasopressors, mechanical ventilation, and/or continuous renal replacement therapy was more frequently required in hematologic malignancy patients. Mortality rates in the ICU (41.7% vs. 24.6%, P<0.001) and hospital (53.1% vs. 38.6%, P=0.002) were higher in hematologic malignancy patients than in solid tumor patients.
Conclusions
Cancer patients accounted for one-third of all patients admitted to the studied ICUs in Korea. Clinical characteristics were different according to the type of malignancy. Patients with hematologic malignancies had a worse prognosis than did patients with solid tumor.

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Outcomes of Acute Respiratory Failure in Patients With Cancer in the United States
Kiyan Heybati, Jiawen Deng, Archis Bhandarkar, Fangwen Zhou, Cameron Zamanian, Namrata Arya, Mohamad Bydon, Philippe R. Bauer, Ognjen Gajic, Allan J. Walkey, Hemang Yadav
Mayo Clinic Proceedings.2024; 99(4): 578. CrossRef
Characteristics and outcomes of cancer patients admitted to intensive care units in cancer specialized hospitals in China
Wensheng Liu, Dongmin Zhou, Li Zhang, Mingguang Huang, Rongxi Quan, Rui Xia, Yong Ye, Guoxing Zhang, Zhuping Shen
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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A.V. Lyanguzov, A.S. Luchinin, S.V. Ignatyev, I.V. Paramonov
Anesteziologiya i reanimatologiya.2023; (1): 33. CrossRef
Effect of the underlying malignancy on critically ill septic patient's outcome
Man‐Yee Man, Hoi‐Ping Shum, Sin‐Man Lam, Jacky Li, Wing‐Wa Yan, Mei‐Wan Yeung
Asia-Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology.2022; 18(4): 473. CrossRef
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Infection and Drug Resistance.2022; Volume 15: 5387. CrossRef
Hospital mortality and prognostic factors in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury and cancer undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy
Da Woon Kim, Geum Suk Jang, Kyoung Suk Jung, Hyuk Jae Jung, Hyo Jin Kim, Harin Rhee, Eun Young Seong, Sang Heon Song
Kidney Research and Clinical Practice.2022; 41(6): 717. CrossRef
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Evaluating Geographical Variation in Outcomes of Cancer Patients Treated in ICUs
Lama H. Nazer, Maria A. Lopez-Olivo, Anne Rain Brown, John A. Cuenca, Michael Sirimaturos, Khader Habash, Nada AlQadheeb, Heather May, Victoria Milano, Amy Taylor, Joseph L. Nates
Critical Care Explorations.2022; 4(9): e0757. CrossRef
Clinico-demographic and Outcome Predictors in Solid Tumor Patients with Unplanned Intensive Care Unit Admissions: An Observational Study
Jigeeshu Divatia, Amit M Narkhede, Harish K Chaudhari, Ujwal Dhundi, Natesh Prabu Ravisankar, Satish Sarode
Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine.2021; 25(12): 1421. CrossRef

Case Reports

A Case of Parainfluenza Virus Related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Immune Competent Adult Patient: A Case Report: Jae Hee Lee, In Won Park, Jae Yeol Kim, Jong Wook Shin, Byoung Whui Choi, Jae Chol Choi; Korean J Crit Care Med. 2011;26(3):188-190.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/kjccm.2011.26.3.188

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Abstract PDF: ParaiParainfluenza virus is a common cause of respiratory illness among infants and young children. Although it causes severe pneumonia in immunocompromised patients, it seldom does this in immunocompetent adults. We report the case of a 51-year-old woman with no significant past medical history who presented acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by parainfluenza virus. The diagnosis was made based on reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of a respiratory specimen. The patient was successfully treated with antiviral agent combined with steroids.

H1N1 Influenza/A Associated ARDS Recovered without Mechanical Ventilatory Support: A Case Report: Byung Ook Lee, Jae Hee Lee, Sung Woon Park, Bo Min Kim, Jae Chol Choi, Jong Wook Shin, In Won Park, Byoung Whui Choi, Jae Yeol Kim; Korean J Crit Care Med. 2011;26(2):114-116.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/kjccm.2011.26.2.114

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Abstract PDF: An eighteen year-old female visited the ER in our hospital with fever of 38.5degrees C for 2 days. She also had cough, myalgia, and dyspnea. Chest PA and lung HRCT showed mild pulmonary edema at both hilar areas. However, she had severe hypoxia (PaO2; 58 mmHg in room air). RT-PCR for H1N1 influenza/A of pharyngeal swab was positive. Tamiflu (150 mg/d) with broad-spectrum antibiotics was prescribed. Two days later, her dyspnea aggravated and chest PA showed diffuse bilateral infiltration. PaO2 dropped to 70 mmHg (O2 10 L/min by face mask with reservoir bag). She was transferred to the MICU and the Tamiflu dose was doubled (300 mg/day). Mechanical ventilator was set aside to prepare respiratory failure. Fortunately, her symptoms and oxygenation improved and she was discharged with full recovery. Although, most cases of ARDS require mechanical ventilatory support, early and adequate dose of Tamiflu may avoid it in the case of ARDS developed by H1N1 influenza/A.

Review

Antioxidants in Sepsis: Jae Yeol Kim; Korean J Crit Care Med. 2010;25(2):57-60.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/kjccm.2010.25.2.57

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Abstract PDF

Oxidant byproducts, such as superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide are produced as a consequence of normal aerobic metabolism. Because they are highly reactive with other biologic molecules, such as protein, DNA, and lipids, they are called as reactive oxygen species (ROS). Fortunately, our body is equipped with numerous potent endogenous antioxidants. Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between the production of ROS and the biologic scavenger system, antioxidants. Oxidative-induced damage has been considered to be one of the underlying mechanisms that contribute to multiple organ failure in sepsis. Both enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants have been widely tested in human and animals with sepsis. However, the disappointing results of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which is the most extensively tested antioxidant may reflect the inability to reestablish a redox balance in the setting of sepsis in patients. Still, three antioxidants demonstrated clinical benefits and reached level A evidence; selenium improves clinical outcome (infections, organ failure); glutamine reduces infectious complication in large-sized trials; and omega-3-fatty acids have significant anti-inflammatory effects. Other antioxidants are still on the clinical benchmark level, awaiting well-designed clinical trial.

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Original Articles

Causes of Fever in the ICU - A Prospective, Cohort Study: Eun Ju Jeon, Hye Min Lee, Sung Gun Cho, Hyung Koo Kang, Hee Won Kwak, Ju Han Song, Jae Woo Jung, Jae Chol Choi, Jong Wook Shin, In Won Park, Byoung Whui Choi, Jae Yeol Kim; Korean J Crit Care Med. 2008;23(1):13-17.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/kjccm.2008.23.1.13

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
Fever develops in 70% of ICU patients. In the present study, we tried to figure out causes of fever and the prognosis of febrile patients in the ICU in a prospective, cohort method.
METHODS
From February to June 2007, patients admitted to medical ICU were daily screened and those who developed fever were enrolled. 237 consecutive admissions of 237 patients over a 5-month period were analyzed. Clinical parameters, including demographic data, underlying diseases, duration of ICU stay, causes of fever and final outcome were analyzed.
RESULTS
Fever (core temperature > or =38.3degrees C) was present in 8% of admission, and it was caused by infective (84.2%) and non-infective processes (15.8%). Most fever occurred within first 5 days in the course of the admission (68.4%) and most lasted less than 5 days (57.9%). The median Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) III score at the time of fever was 43 (+/-19). Those with infectious fever had no significant differences in terms of severity of diseases in comparison with those with non-infectious cause of fever. The most common cause of infective fever was pneumonia (n=11). Prolonged fever (> or =5 days), all of which was caused by infection, occurred in 11 patients. Those with prolonged fever had higher mortality rate than short duration of fever (37.5% vs 0%, p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
Infection, especially pneumonia is common cause of fever in the ICU. Prolonged fever is associated with high mortality rate.

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The Value of Procalcitonin and the SAPS II and APACHE III Scores in the Differentiation of Infectious and Non-infectious Fever in the ICU: A Prospective, Cohort Study
Eun Ju Jeon, Jae Woo Jung, Jae Chol Choi, Jong Wook Shin, In Won Park, Byoung Whui Choi, Ae Ja Park, Jae Yeol Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2010; 25(11): 1633. CrossRef

Monitoring of Respiratory Mechanics during Mechanical Ventilation: Jae Yeol Kim; Korean J Crit Care Med. 2001;16(2):132-137.

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